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技术分享 select into outfile备份及恢复使用

select into outfile备份及恢复使用

2019-12-19

select ... into outfile语句是一种逻辑备份的方法，更准确地说是导出一张表中的数据。

Syntax:
SELECT
    [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
      [HIGH_PRIORITY]
      [STRAIGHT_JOIN]
      [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
      [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
    select_expr [, select_expr ...]
    [FROM table_references
      [PARTITION partition_list]
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
    [HAVING where_condition]
    [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ...]
    [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
    [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
    [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
        [CHARACTER SET charset_name]
        export_options
      | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
      | INTO var_name [, var_name]]
    [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]

说明：

file_name表示导出的文件，但文件所在的路径权限必须是mysql:mysql的，否则mysql会报没有权限导出。

若存在该文件，会报错。

root@127.0.0.1:3306 [andyxi3306]>select id,cc into outfile '/tmp/andyxi3306/1.txt' from t1; 或使用select * into outfile '/tmp/andyxi3306/1.txt' from t1

Query OK, 20000 rows affected (0.05 sec)

root@127.0.0.1:3306 [andyxi3306]>system ls -la /tmp/andyxi3306

total 752 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 19 Jul 8 09:34 . drwxrwxrwt. 8

root root 189 Jul 8 09:11 .. -rw-rw-rw- 1

mysql mysql 768894 Jul 8 09:34 1.txt

[root@zstedu andyxi3306]# less 1.txt
1       c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b
2       c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c
3       eccbc87e4b5ce2fe28308fd9f2a7baf3
4       a87ff679a2f3e71d9181a67b7542122c
5       e4da3b7fbbce2345d7772b0674a318d5
6       1679091c5a880faf6fb5e6087eb1b2dc
7       8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543
8       c9f0f895fb98ab9159f51fd0297e236d
9       45c48cce2e2d7fbdea1afc51c7c6ad26
10      d3d9446802a44259755d38e6d163e820
11      6512bd43d9caa6e02c990b0a82652dca
12      c20ad4d76fe97759aa27a0c99bff6710
13      c51ce410c124a10e0db5e4b97fc2af39
14      aab3238922bcc25a6f606eb525ffdc56

扩展：

fields [terminated by 'string']表示每个列的分隔符，[[optionally]enclosed by 'char']表示对于字符串的包含符，[enclosed by 'char']表示转义符，[starting by 'string']表示每行的开始符号，germinated by 'string'表示每行的结束符号。

如：

root@127.0.0.1:3306 [andyxi3306]>select id,cc into outfile '/tmp/andyxi3306/1.txt' fields terminated by ',' from t1;
Query OK, 20000 rows affected (0.06 sec)

[root@zstedu andyxi3306]# rm -rf 1.txt
[root@zstedu andyxi3306]# less 1.txt
1,c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b
2,c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c
3,eccbc87e4b5ce2fe28308fd9f2a7baf3